Five Power Defence Arrangements (FPDA)
Critical minerals, policy, and the energy transition
Facilitating market development across the FPDA
The Five Power Defence Arrangements (FPDA) is a series of defense relationships established in 1971 among five Commonwealth nations: Australia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, and the United Kingdom. Formed after the British military withdrawal from the region, the FPDA aims to enhance its member states' security and defence cooperation, ensuring stability and regional peace. Initially, the FPDA was created to provide mutual defence and military cooperation among its members, mandating consultations in the event of external aggression or threats against Malaysia or Singapore. Over time, the scope of the FPDA has expanded to address non-traditional security threats, including terrorism, maritime security, and humanitarian assistance. The FPDA maintains the security and stability necessary for economic activities and supply chains. Its member states, particularly Australia, are rich in critical minerals essential for renewable energy technologies and other high-tech industries. By supporting the broader economic development and energy transition objectives, the FPDA ensures a stable environment for extracting, processing, and transporting these critical resources. It also helps them pursue regional security and economic policies that foster innovation and sustainability.
Five Power Defence Arrangements members


Meet the Critical Minerals team
Trusted advice from a dedicated team of experts.

Henk de Hoop
Chief Executive Officer

Beresford Clarke
Managing Director: Technical & Research

Jamie Underwood
Principal Consultant

Ismet Soyocak
ESG & Critical Minerals Lead

Rj Coetzee
Senior Market Analyst: Battery Materials and Technologies

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